pro-China influence campaign has once again aimed a spotlight at the usage of deepfakes. This case brings concerns about deepfakes to the forefront of public discussions, and raises serious questions: What is the impact of deepfakes and disinformation, and what is the significance of deepening commercialization in deepfake technology?swap faces of a person’s likeness in a video or an image with others. Existing media literacy and fact-checking initiatives can continue to play a role in raising public awareness against shallowfakes and deepfakes while raising the importance of visual literacy