The stolen data supply chain begins with producers—hackers who exploit vulnerable systems and steal sensitive information such as credit card numbers, bank account information, and Social Security numbers.Finally, the data is purchased by consumers who use it to commit various forms of fraud, including fraudulent credit card transactions, identity theft, and phishing attacks.This trafficking of stolen data between producers, wholesalers, and consumers is enabled by darknet markets, which are websites that resemble ordinary e-commerce websites but are accessible only using special browsers or authorization codes.Stolen data ecosystem|Key stats from individual darknet stolen data marketplaces||Market||Vendors||Listings||Sales||Revenue||Agartha||302||16,296||237,512||$91,582,216.00||Amazin||6||43||-||-||Apollon||650||9,885||238||$3,703.00||Asean/ASAP||59||2,921||0||0||Aurora||71||2,913||128,561||$3,003,846.00||Babylon||14||55||-||-||CanadaHQ||125||2,886||4,271||$241,656.00||Cartel||44||487||61,604||$31,280,508.00||Corona||95||2,979||19,149||$1,553,850.00||Cypher||56||2,472||123||$20,009.00||Dark||248||8,679||19,783||$571,512.00||Dark0de||52||487||-||-||DarkBay/Lime||101||10,004||72||$60,076.00||Darkfox||159||2,040||15,929||$74,057.00||DeepMart||23||218||37,095||$9,156,025.00||DeepSea||141||4,437||11,905||$116,962.00||Elite||52||691||22,079||$147,245.00||Icarus||88||557||-||-||Liberty||19||189||-||-||Neptune||160||6,507||1,140||$23,696.00||Royal||13||54||0||0||Silk Road*||28||38||490||$15,053.00||Tor2Door||52||1,908||207||$1,796.00||Torrez||85||1,707||5,189||$145,198.00||Versus||99||3,959||6,532||$125,363.00||ViceCity||101||1,776||3,150||$57,018.00||WhiteHouse||306||11,184||56,950||$2,146,730.00||World||24||749||223||$3,280.00||Yakuza||48||411||5||$8,200.00||YellowBrick||39||140||-||-||Data source: Christian Jordan Howell|Recognizing the role of darknet markets in trafficking stolen data, we conducted the largest systematic examination of stolen data markets that we are aware of to better understand the size and scope of this illicit online ecosystem.The total revenue of markets also varied substantially during the 35-week period: It ranged from $0 to $91,582,216 for the most successful market, Agartha."