She looked down and the muscle, just to the left of her breastbone, was visibly pulsating.And for Moe, the prime suspect that she says most likely sparked this unsettling episode was a cosmic ray from outer space: a chain of subatomic particles slamming into one another in the Earth's atmosphere, like balls colliding on a snooker table, with one eventually careering into her pacemaker's built-in computer mid-flight.Once she was discharged from hospital, she received a detailed report from her pacemaker's manufacturer about what had happened.But the report explained that some of these bits had reversed, or flipped, altering the data and causing a software error.In one much-discussed incident, a 2008 Qantas Airways flight over Western Australia fell hundreds of feet twice within 10 minutes, injuring dozens of passengers on board That such a thing can happen has been understood since at least the 1970s, when researchers showed that radiation from outer space could affect the computers on satellites."