At that time, the publishers accused service providers of profiting off ad placements next to links from aggregators and scrapers, who were accused of grabbing and republishing news content without permission.Then it launched its first transparency report in 2010, but that initial report only shared information on government requests for takedowns.Holland said that the majority of requests for Google data come from academics interested in analyzing long-term trends, as well as, increasingly, media and non-government organizations, but rarely policymakers.However, recently, Holland said that Lumen has begun advising European Union policymakers as they work to implement new transparency requirements for online service providers included in its newly passed Digital Services Act.Holland told Ars the only stance that Lumen takes on the issue is remaining firmly against invisible takedowns by online service providers, because "[o]ur unofficial motto is good policy requires good data.""